Variability of Arctic climate and sea ice over the past millennium: implications for ice cap mass balance

Field equipment and logistical support was primarily provided by the National Glaciology Program and Geological Survey of Canada. The tipping drill is a reincarnation of previous tried and tested models. The field electrical conductivity meter was purpose built for the NGP, as was the light box for undertaking field stratigraphy and digital image stratigraphy of all the core sections.

Skidoo's and fuel were provided by the PCSP	The GSC's EC reader used in the field	The GSC's ice coring drill in action

Core processing is undertaken at the glaciology lab at the Geological Survey in Ottawa. The glaciology lab has a large storage freezer, a large working freezer for core cutting and a smaller clean freezer for clean cutting work required for the sulfur isotope sampling. As part of this project a new ice core melting system has been added to the glaciology lab facilities.

Core cutting table and bandsaw in the GSC freezer

Major ion analysis is carried out using two Dionex ion chromatographs housed in the University of Alberta glaciochemistry lab.

Dionex IC 2500, used for anion analysis	Loading the Dionex IC 2500

Oxygen isotope analysis is done by the University of Copenhagen, and hydrogen and sulfur isotope analysis is done at the University of Calgary.

Pollen analysis is done at the Geological Survey of Canada